Pengaruh Modifikasi KH2PO4, NH4NO3 dan Sukrosa terhadap Pertumbuhan Tunas serta Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Taka (Tacca leontopetaloides) secara In vitro

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Polynesian arrowroot (Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze), which is one of the bulbous herbaceous plants,
have high nutritional value. Modification of macro nutrients by reducing nitrogen content and increasing
phosphorus on the medium gave affects on shoot growth and initiated micro tuber formation on in vitro
cultures. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of modified macro nutrients in combination with
the increase in sucrose concentrations on shoot growth and micro tuber formation of T. leontopetaloides. The
experimental design was factorial completely randomized design.The factors tested were modifications of MS
macro nutrients that were. M1 (170 mg/l KH2PO4 and 1650 mg/l NH4NO3; normal, control treatment); M2 (340
mg/l KH2PO4 and 825 mg/l NH4NO3); and M3 (680 mg/l KH2PO4 and 412.5 mg/l NH4NO3 in combination
with 30 (S1) (control treatment), 40 (S2), 50 (S3) and 60 g/l of sucrose (S4). The variables tested were shoot
height, number of leaves, number of roots and number of micro tuber which were observed weekly at 0-8
weeks after culturing. The results showed that the modification of macro nutrient in combination with sucrose
concentration had significant effect on shoot height, number of leaves and number of roots but not significant
on the number of tubers. The highest shoots were found in M1S3 treatment, the highest number of leaves was
in M1S1 and M1S3 treatment and the highest number of roots was in M1S4 treatment. The number of tubers
not significantly different between the treatments tested.
Keywords: in vitro, KH2PO4, microtuber, NH4NO3, sucrose, Tacca leontopetaloides