Analisis Sekuen DNA Mitokondria Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) mtDNA Pada Kukang Indonesia (Nycticebus spp) sebagai Penanda Guna Pengembangan Identifikasi Spesies

Abstract

Slow lories is small size primates of the genus Nycticebus that are in endangered status. Habitat pressure and
high trade as pet animals has made the population decline both quantitatively and qualitatively, therefore it is
necessary to save the slow lories through conservation action. Morphologically, the individuals are difficult to
be distinguished among the species, therefore making much harder in identification for conservation purposes
such as from confiscated individuals. Therefore molecular marker is needed through mitochondrial DNA using
COI gene sequences analysis is needed for identification. This study used 24 samples of slow lories consisted
of 2 from Kalimantan, 9 from Java and 13 from Sumatra. The result indicated that in the 660 bp there were 62
variable sites with 15 haplotypes: 4 haplotypes of N. javanicus, 9 haplotypes N. coucang, and 2 haplotypes N.
menagensis. Base on nucleotide variations at specific sites, it was formed haplotype differences among species.
The average genetic distance between species showed that Kalimanatan population were closer to the
population of Sumatra (d= 0.042 ± 0.006) compared with Java population (d= 0.059 ± 0.009), whereas the
genetic distance within population showed the population of Java had low diversity (d= 0.002) with a mean
nucleotide differences 2.6. Thus Jawan slow loris (N. javanicus) should be conserved.
Keywords: Nycticebus spp., molecular, COI, conservation, marker