STATUS KESEHATAN TANAH PERTANIAN CABAI ORGANIK DAN KONVENSIONAL: TINJAUAN KELIMPAHAN POPULASI BAKTERI, ENZIM TANAH DAN POTENSI RHIZOBAKTERI SEBAGAI PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN (RPPT)

Agung Adi Nugroho, Tirta Kumala Dewi, Risa Okiana Safitri, Sapto Nugroho Hadi, Entis Sutisna, Nani Mulyani, Sarjiya Antonius
10.14203/beritabiologi.v21i3.4202
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Abstract

Cabai merupakan komoditas pertanian dengan nilai ekonomi cukup tinggi. Budidaya cabai konvensional cenderung menggunakan bahan agrokimia berlebihan yang dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kesehatan tanah pada budidaya tanaman cabai organik dan konvesional berdasarkan parameter populasi bakteri RPPT dan aktivitas biokimia tanah serta mengidentifikasi potensi RPPT sebagai kandidat pupuk hayati. Populasi bakteri RPPT dan aktivitas biokimia tanah pertanian cabai organik lebih tinggi dibandingkan konvensional. Populasi bakteri RPPT tanah cabai organik meliputi total bakteri, bakteri pelarut P, penghasil IAA, proteolitik dan penambat N2 lebih tinggi yaitu berkisar 1,06 x 106 - 25,15 x 106 cfu/g dibandingkan tanah cabai konvensional 0,34 x 106 – 7,46 x 106 cfu/g. Aktivitas enzim tanah cabai organik seperti enzim fosfomonoesterase, urease dan respirasi yaitu 130,73 μg pNP g-1 jam-1; 165,65 µg N-NH4 g-1 jam-1; 0,14 CO2mg tanah/jam, secara berurutan. Aktivitas RPPT dari tanah cabai organik memiliki potensi pelarut P dan penghasil IAA yang cukup tinggi. Kandungan N tanah pertanian organik dan konvesional  tidak banyak berbeda, tetapi kandungan C dan P lebih tinggi pada tanah pertanian cabai organik, sedangkan kandungan K cenderung lebih rendah. Secara keseluruhan kesehatan tanah berdasarkan populasi bakteri, biokimia tanah dan sifat kimia tanah cabai organik lebih baik dibandingkan konvensional.

Keywords

Cabai, biokimia tanah, pertanian konvensional, pertanian organik, RPPT

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v21i3.4202

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