ESTIMASI HERITABILITAS DAN RESPONS SELEKSI IKAN NILA HITAM (Oreochromis niloticus) DI TAMBAK
Adam Robisalmi
| Abstract views: 865
| 
PDF views: 2811
Abstract
Genetic improvement in the establishment of a rapid growth strain of Nile tilapia might be achieved through selective breeding program This research was aimed to estimate heritability and response selection of nile tilapia in brackishwater pond. Breeding activity was carried out in fresh water in hapa 2x1x1 m. Males and females were breeding in pairs with a ratio of 1: 1. The number of established families was 19 families of 50 broodstock pairs. Harvesting of larvae was done on day 14. Larvae were collected and then kept in net 2 x 2 x1 m with stocking density 125 fish/m2 for 60 days. The next stage was sexing by grouping the male and female populations in each family. Grow out was carried out in net cage (3 x 5 x1.5 m ) that were placed in brackiswater pond at salinity 25–30 g/L with density 10 fish/m2. Selection of broodstock in the male and female populations was done on weight of 250–300 g. Cut off selection was determined on weight from 316 to 382g (male) and 221–315 g (female). The results of this study showed that the estimation value for heritability of male and female were
0.42 ± 0.22 and 0.42 ± 0.23 and the estimation value for response selection were 10.66% (male) and 10.92% (female).
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ariyanto, D. dan Listiyowati., N., 2015. Interaksi genotipe dengan lingkungan, adaptabilitas, dan stabilitas penampilan fenotipik empat varietas unggul ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 10 (1). pp. 1–9.
Baihaki, A., 2000. Teknik Rancangan dan Analisis Penelitian Pemuliaan. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Padjajaran. Bandung. p. 91.
Basiao, Z.U., Eguia, R.V. and Doyle, R.W., 2005. Growth response of Nile tilapia fry to salinitystress in the presence of an ‘internal reference’ fish. Aquaculture Research, 36 (7), pp.712–720.
Becker, W.A., 1984. Manual of Quantitative Genetics. Fourth Edition. Academic Enterprises, Pulman, Washington. p. 190.
Bentsen, H.B., Gjerde, G., Eknath, E., Palada de Vera, M., Velasco, R.R., Danting, J.C., Dionisio, E.E., Longalong, F.M., Reyes, R.A., Abella, T.A.,Tayamen, M.M. and Ponzoni, R.W., 2017. Genetic improvement of farmed tilapias: Response to five generations of selection for increased body weight at harvest in Oreochromis niloticus and the further impact of the project. Aquaculture, 468 (1), pp. 206–217.
Bolivar, R. B. and Newkirk, G.F., 2002. Response to within family selection for body weight in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus using a single-trait animal model. Aquaculture, 204 (3-4), pp. 371–381.
Charo-Karisa, H., Komen, H., Rezkc, M.A., Ponzoni, R.W., Arendonk, J.A.M. and Bovenhui, H., 2006. Heritability estimates and response to selection for growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in low-input earthen ponds. Aquaculture, 261(2), pp. 479–486.
Eknath, A.E., Dey, M.M., Rye, M., Gjerde, B., Abella, T.A., Sevilleja, R., Tayamen, M.M., Reyes, R.A. and Bentsen, H.B., 1998. Selective breeding of Nile tilapia for Asia. 6th World Congress of Genetics Applied to Livestock Production in Proceedings, At Armidale, Australia, January 11-16 1998, (27), pp. 89–96.
Falconer, D.S., 1981. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 2nd edition. Longman, Inc. New York. p. 340.
Falconer, D.S. and Mackay, T.F.C., 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 4th Ed. Longman, England. p. 480.
Fehr, W. R., 1987. Principles of Cultivar Development. Volume I: Theory and Technique. MacMilan Publishing Company. New York. p. 536.
Gjedrem, T., 2000. Genetic improvement of cold-water fish species. Aquaculture Research, 31(1), pp. 25–33.
Gjedrem, T., 2005. Selection and Breeding Programs in Aquaculture. AKVAFORSK, Institute of Aquaculture Research AS, Springer. Netherlands. pp. 378.
Gustiano, R., Kusmini, I.I., Iskandariah., Arifin, O.Z., Huwoyon,G.H dan Ath-thar, M.H.F., 2013. Heritabilitas, respon seleksi dan genotip dengan RAPD pada ikan nila F3 (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 8 (3), pp. 347–354.
Hardjosubroto,W., 1994. Aplikasi Pemuliabiakan Ternak di Lapangan. Grasindo. Jakarta. pp. 284.
Hena, A., Kamal, M. and Mair, G.C., 2005. Salinity tolerance in superior genotypes of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus and their hybrids. Aquaculture, 247 (1–4), pp. 189–201.
Huang, C.M. and Liao, I.C., 1990. Response to mass selection for growth rate in Oreochromisniloticus. Aquaculture, 85, pp.199–205.
Hulata, G., Wohlfarth, G.W. and Halevy, A., 1986. Mass selection for growth rate in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 57, pp. 177–184.
Khaw, H.L., Boventus, H., Ponzoni, R.W., Rezk, M.A., Charo-Karisa, H. and Komen, H., 2009. Genetic analysis of nile tlapia (O. niloticus) selection line reared in two input environments. Aquaculture, 294 (1–2), pp. 37–42.
Lozano, C., Gjerde, B., Odegard, J. and Bentsen, H.B., 2013. Heritability estimates for male proportion in the GIFT Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture, 372-375, pp.137–148.
Luan, T.D., Olesen, I., Odergard, J., Kolstad, K. and Dan, N.C., 2008. Genotype by environment interaction for harvest body weight and survival of nile tilapia (Orechromis niloticus) in brackis water and fresh water ponds. 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture Proceedings. University of Cairo, 8, pp. 221–230.
Moedjiono dan Mejaya, M.J., 1994. Variabilitas genetik beberapa karakter plasma nutfah jagung koleksi Balittas Malang. Zuriat, 5 (2), pp. 27–32.
Ninh, A.H., Ngo, P.T., Wayne.K. and Nguyen, H.N., 2014. Selection for enhanced growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in brackish water (15–20 g/l) in Vietnam. Aquaculture, 428-429, pp. 1–6.
Noor, R.R., 2004. Genetika Ternak. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta. p. 200.
Nugroho, E., Mayadi, L. dan Budileksono, S., 2017. Heritabilitas dan perolehan genetik pada bobot ikan nila hasil seleksi. Berita Biologi, 16 (2), pp. 129–135.
Ponzoni, R.W., Hamzah, A., Tan, S. and Kamaruzzaman, N., 2005. Genetic parameters and response to selection for live weight in the GIFT strain of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 247 (1–4), pp. 203–210.
Pusat Data, Statistik dan Informasi, 2013. Kelautan dan Perikanan Dalam Angka 2013. Kelompok Kerja Penyelarasan Data Kelautan dan Perikanan. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Jakarta. p. 212.
Quissenberry, J.E., 1982. Breeding for Drought Resistance and plant water use efficiency. In: Christiansen, M.N., and C.F. Lewis (eds) Breeding for Less Favorable Environment. , John welly and Son, INC., Wisconsin, USA. pp. 193–209.
Robisalmi, A. dan Dewi, R.R.S.P.S., 2014. Estimasi heritabilitas dan respon seleksi ikan nila merah (Oreochromis spp.) pada tambak bersalinitas. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 9(1), 47–57.
Romana-Eguia, M.R.R. and Eguia, R.V., 1999. Growth of five Asian red tilapia strains in saline environments. Aquaculture, 173 (1–4), pp. 161–170.
Roy, D., 2000. Plant Breeding: The Analysis and Exploitation of Variability. Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi. pp. 728.
Singh, R.K. and Chaudary, B.D., 1977. Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetic Analysis. Kalyani Publishers. New Delhi. pp. 318.
Tave, D., 1993. Genetic for Fish Hatchery Managers. 2nd ed. AVI. Publishing Company. Inc. Connecticut. p. 418.
Tave, D., 1995. Selective Breeding Programmes for Medium-Sized Fish Farm. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Roma. p. 122.
Tave, D., and Smitherman, R.O., 1980. Predicted response to selection for early growth in Tilapia nilotica. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 109 (4), pp. 439–445.
Warwick, E.J., Astuti J.M. dan Hardjosubroto, W., 1995. Pemuliaan Ternak. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. pp. 479.
Tayamen, M. M., Reyes, R. A., Danting, Ma., D., Mendoza, A. M., Marquez, E. B., Salguet, A. C., Gonzales, R., C. Abella, T. A. and Vera-Cruz, E. M., 2002. Tilapia broodstock development for saline waters in the Phillipines. Naga, The ICLARM Quarterly, 25 (1), pp. 32–26.
Trong, T.Q., Mulder, H. A., Van Arendonk, J.A.M. and Komen, H., 2013. Heritability and genotype by environment interaction estimates for harvest weight, growth rate, and shape of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) grown in river cage and VAC in Vietnam. Aquaculture, 384–387, pp. 119–127.
Yuniarti, T., Hanif, S. dan Hardiantho, D., 2009. Penerapan seleksi famili f3 pada ikan nila hitam (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Sainstek Perikanan, 4 (2). pp.1–9.