GESTION DE LA BIODIVERSITE : RELATIONS AUX PLANTES ET DYNAMIQUES VEGETALES CHEZ LES DANI DE LA VALLEE DE LA BALIEM EN IRIAN JAYA, INDONESIE

Yohanes - Purwanto
10.55981/reinwardtia.2002.46
| Abstract views: 744 | PDF views: 682

Abstract

PURWANTO, Y. 2002. Biodiversity management: Plant relation of the Dani people and vegetation dynamic in the Baliem valley of Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 12(1): 1–94. ? The study was conducted in two approaches, ethnobotanical approach and ecological approach. Ethnobotanical approach consists of knowledge analization and plant nature environment uses which consists of spatial organization, botanical indigenous knowledge, traditional system on plant nomenclature, and treats the agriculture activities of the Dani–Baliem. Whereas, the later approach we analyse the floristic diversity in different environment existence in the Baliem Valley. In this ecological approach contains of analyse floristic of the primary forest of different altitude, secondary forest (fallow system of different ages), transition zone (zone ecotone), home garden, villages, protection area and sacred sites. The result indicated that the degradation of environment in the Baliem Valley, principally caused by agricultural activity and exploitation of natural resources. The traditional agricultural activities of Dani–Baliem society influence on decreasing of genetic resources on wild plant (wild species).On the contrary, these activities in the intraspecific diversity level,increase the number of cultivated plants. Further, Dani–Baliem people activities also influence the ecological diversity. This can be seen from different unit of environment existence like secondary forest, agricultural area, protection zone, sacred site, habitation areas etc.), where every unit have a specific use and a specific plant diversity.

Keywords

Biodiversity, dynamic of vegetation, human activities, useful plants, traditional agricultural system, field organization, Dani–Baliem, Irian Jaya, Indonesia

Full Text:

PDF

References

AUMEERUDY, Y. 1993. Agroforêts et aires de forêts protégées. Représentations et pratiques agroforestières paysannes en périphérie du Parc National Kerinci Seblat, Sumatra, Indonésie. Thèse de l’Université Montpellier II. 438 p.

BALANDRIN, M. F. 1985. Natural plant chemicals: sources of industrial and medicinal materials. Science 228:1154–1116.

BALGOOY, M.M.J. van. 1976. Phytogeography. In K. PAIJMANS. 1976. (eds). New Guinea Vegetation. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company. New York. BARBAULT, R. 1993. Une approche écologique de la biodiversité. Natures-Sciences-Sociétés 1(4):322–329

BARBAULT, R. 1993. Ecologie générale, Structure et fonctionnement de la biospère. Abreges, Masson. Paris. 269 p.

BARBAULT, R. 1994. Des baleines, des bactéries et des hommes. Edition Odile Jacob, Paris. 327 p.

BARRAU, J. 1990. Diversité et Uniformité: remarques sur l’évolution des flores cultivées tropicales. Cah. d’Outre-Mer. 42(172):333–341

BEMMELEN, R.W. van. 1970. The Geology of Indonesia. Vol IA, Edisi Kedua. Martinus Nijhoff. 714 p.

BRASS, L.J. 1941. Stone age agriculture in New Guinea. Geographic Revue 31:555–569

BROMLEY, H.M. 1967. The linguistic relationships of the Grand Valley Dani: a lexico-statistical classification. Oceania, 37: 286–308

CONCLIN, H.C. 1954. The relation of hanunoo culture to the plant world. Thèse de doctorat. Yale University; 258 p.

COX, G. W. et ATKINS, M. D. 1979. Agriculture ecology. An analysis of world food production systems. W. H. Freeman Company. San Francisco. 721 p.

DOMBOIS, D.M et ELLENBERG, H. 1974. Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology. John Wiley & Sons. New York, London, Sydney, Toronto. :114–119.

FRANSWORTH, N. 1985. Screening plants for new medicines. Submitted to the National Academy of Sciences. Symposium on Biological Diversity. Washington, DC., 22-29 September 1985.

FRIEDBERG, C. 1971. L’agriculture des Bunaq de Timor et les conditions d’une équilibre avec le milieu. J. d’Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl. 18 (12):481–532.

FRIEDBERG, C. 1974. Les processus classificatpoires appliqués aux objets naturels et leur mise en évidence. Quelques principes méthodologiques. J. d’Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl. 21:313–343.

FRIEDBERG, C. 1986. Classifications populaires des plantes et Modes de connaissance. In: TASSY PASCAL. L’ordre et la diversité du vivant.. Fondation Diderot Fayard.

FRIEDBERG, C. 1990. Le savoir botanique des Bunaq, percevoir et classer dans le Haut Lamaknen (Timor, Indonésie). Ed. du Muséum, série B: Botanique. 32:303 .

GEIGER, R. 1959. The climate near the ground. Harvard University Press. Cambridge. Massachusette. 494 p.

GOLSON, J. 1977. No room at the top: agriculture intensification in the New Guinea Highland. In: J. ALLEN, GOLSON, J. et JOHNS, R. (eds.) Sunda and Sahul: prehistoric studies in island Southeast Asia. Melanesia and Australia. Academic Press. London: 601–638 .

GRUBB, P.J., & STEVENS, P.F. 1985. The forest of the Fatima Basin and Mt. Kerigomma. Papua New Guinea with a review of the montane and subalpine rainforests in Papuasia. Department of Biogeography and Geomorphology Publication. Reserch School of Pacific Studies. ANU. Camberra.

HABERLE, S.G., HOPE, G.S. et FRETES, Y. de. 1991. Environmental change in the Baliem Valley, montane Irian Jaya, Republic of Indonesia. Journal of Biogeography (18): 25–40

HAHN, S. K. 1977. Sweet potato. In PAULO de T.ALVIN & T. T. KOZLOWSKI (eds.). Ecophysiology of tropical crops. Academic Press. New York.

HAYWARD, D. 1980. The Dani of Irian Jaya Before and After Conversion. Regions Press. Sentani. Indonesia. 222 p.

HEIDER, K.G. 1975. Societal Intensification and Cultural Stress. Oceania 46 (1):53–67.

HEIDER, K.G. 1970. The Dugum Dani. A Papuan Culture in the Highlands of West New Guinea. Aldine Publishing Company. Chicago. 334 p.

HOLDSWORTH, D. K. 1977. Medicinal Plants of Papua New Guinea. Technical Paper no 175. Noumea, New Caledonia. 123 p.

HOPE, G.S. 1976. The Vegetation of Mt Jaya. In : G.S. HOPE et al., (eds.). The Equatorial Glaciers of New Guinea, A.A. Balkema. Rotterdam. :1–14 .

HOZYO, Y., MEGAWATI, M. et HADI WARGIONO. 1983. Plant Production and Potential Productivity of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.). Central Research Institut for Food Crops. Bogor. 19 p.

KAWAGUCHI, K. 1966. Tropical pady soils. JARQ 1(1) :7-11 KOENTJARANINGRAT. 1994. Irian Jaya Membangun Masyarakat Majemuk. Jambatan. Jakarta.

LEMONNIER, P. 1990. Guerre et Festins : Paix, échanges et compétition dans les highlands de Nouvelle Guinée. Edition de la maison des sciences de l’homme. Paris. 189 p.

LOKOBAL, N.A,. 1991. Perkawinan di Lembah Baliem. Wamena (unpublished). 10 p.

LOKOBAL, N.A,. 1992. Keberadaan dan Peranan Perempuan Laki-Laki pada Suku Dani di Irian Jaya. Konsultasi Perempuan Irian Jaya, UKSW, Salatiga. (unpublished). 14 p.

MANGEN, J.M. 1993. Ecology and Vegetation of Mt Trikora New Guinea (Irian Jaya/Indonesia). Travaux Scientifique du MNHN Luxembourg. 216 p.

MOHR, E. C. J, BAREN, F. A. van et SCHUYLENBORGEN, J. van. 1972. Tropical Soils. A comprehensive study of their genesis. Third edition. Van Hoeven. 498 p.

MURNINGSIH, T., CHAERUL et WAWO A.H. 1993. Kandungan Fitokimia beberapa tumbuhan obat dari Kabupaten Jayawijaya, Irian Jaya.Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Hayati. Puslitbang Biologi-LIPI, Bogor.:214-219

NGADIMIN, S. 1990. Studi Sisitem Kepemimpinan Traditional Suku Dani di Kecamatan Wamena dalam rangka Menunjang Pengajaran Sejarah Budaya di SMA. Skripsi Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Jurusan PIPS, FKIP, Universitas Cendrawasih, Jayapura. 332 p. (unpublished). OKE, T. R. 1978. Boundary Layer Climates. A Halsted Press Book. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 372 p.

PACCIONI . G. 1979. Guide to Mushrooms. Simon and Schuster, New York. 540 p.

PAIJMAN, K. 1970. An analysis of four tropical rain forests Sites in New Guinea. J. Ecol. 58 (1): 77–101

PAIJMAN, K. 1976. New Guinea Vegetation. Part II. Vegetation. CSIRO-ANU Press. Camberra. : 23–105

PERRY, L. M. 1980. Medicinal Plants of East an South-East Asia. Attributed Properties and Uses. The MIT Press. Cambridge, England.

PETERS, H.L. 1975. Some observations of religious Dani life. Bulletin of Irian Jaya. Jayapura. UNCEN.

POWEL, J.M. 1976. Ethnobotany. In K. PAIJMANS (eds.) New Guinea Vegetation. Australian National University Press. Camberra.

PURWANTO, Y. 1994. Analyse des effets de lisière en forêt tropicale humide en comparant des bordures d’âge différent dûes à l’action de l’homme. DEA d’Ecologie Générale et Production Végétale. Univ. Paris VI, Univ. Paris XI et INA-PG. 34 p + annexes.

PURWANTO, Y. 1995. Tradisi pengobatan dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai bahan obat tradisional oleh masyarakat Dani di Lembah Baliem. Seminar APINMAP (Asian Pacific Information Net of Medicinal Plants).Bogor, 10-12 Nopember 1995.14 p.

PURWANTO, Y. & WALUJO, E. B. 1992. Sistem pertanian tradisional, pemahaman lingkungan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya tumbuhan oleh masyarakat Dani di Lembah Baliem. Prosiding Expose Hasil Penelitian Sumberdaya Hayati. Puslitbang Biologi- LIPI. :112–123

PURWANTO, Y. & WALUJO, E. B. 1992. Etnobotani suku Dani di lembah Baliem-Irian Jaya: Suatu telaah tentang pengetahuan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya alam tumbuhan. Prosiding Seminar dan Lokakarya Nasional Etnobotani. LIPI, Depdikbud RI, Deptan RI, Perpustakaan Nasional RI., :132–148

PURWANTO, Y. & WALUJO, E. B. 1993. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat Tanimbar-Kei. Media Konservasi 4(2): 99–112

PURWANTO, Y. & WALUJO, E. B. 1995. Keanekaragaman sumberdaya tumbuhan bahan pangan masyarakat Dani, Irian Jaya dan perpekstif pelestariannya. In

NASUTION, R.E., et al. (eds.). Prosiding Seminar dan Lokakarya Nasional Etnobotani II. Buku 2. Puslitbang Biologi-LIPI, IPI, Fakultas Biologi-UGM.:439–500

PURWANTO. Y., DARMAJANA, R.D.A. et. WALUYO, E.B. 1990. Pengembangan pesawahan di Lembah Baliem Wamena. In SAVITRI, D.,W.I.K.R. et al. 1990. Prosiding Pengembangan Wilayah Pedesaan Wamena. BP-TTG, Puslitbang Fisika Terapan, Bandung. :267-281

QUISUMBING, E. 1951. Medicinal plants of the Philippines. Philippines Department of Agriculture and Nature Resources. Technical Bulletin 16: 1049–1078

REINWARIN, J. 1992. Etnobotani ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.): Teknologi Budidaya dan Nilai Sosial Ekonomi bagi Masyarakat Ekagi di Irian Jaya. Program Pasca Sarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 43 p.

ROSSENBERG, N. J. 1974. Microclimate. The Biological Environment. A Wiley-Interscience Publication. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 315 p.

SANGAT-ROEMANTYO, H & WIRIADINATA, H. 1991. Pemanfaatan beberapa jenis tumbuhan obat dan cara pengobatan tradisional di Kupang, Timor. Prosiding Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat dari Hutan Tropis Indonesia. Balittro. Bogor.

SCHMIDT, F. R., & FERGUSON, J. A. 1951. Rainfall types based on wet and dry period ratios for Indonesia with Western New Guinea. Verhandelingen 42. Djawatan Meteorologi dan Geofisika. Jakarta.

SCHNEIDER, J. (ed.). 1993. Indigenous Knowledge in Conservation of Crop Genetic Resources. Proceedings of an International Workshop Held in Cisarua, Bogor, Indonesia. International Potato Center (CIP) and Central Reserach Institute for Food Crops (CRIFC). Bogor, Indonesia. 132 p.

SOEPRAPTOHARDJO, M., ISMANGUN et SOEPANGAT, I.J. 1971. Peta Tanah Wilayah Wamena- Tulem (Lembah Baliem-Irian Barat). Jilid III. Departemen Pertanian. Jakarta.

STEENIS, C.G.G.J. van. 1958. Rejuvenation as a factor for judging the status of vegetation types: The biology nomad theory. Proceedings Kandy Symposium, UNESCO. 212–218.

STEENIS, C.G.G.J. van. 1979. Plant Geography of East Malesia. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 79(2): 97–178 STOSKOPF, N, C. 1981. Understanding Crop Production. Reston Publishing Company. Inc. Reston, Virginia. A Prentice-Hall Company. 433 p.

SUBOWO, Y.B., LATUPAPUA H.J.D. & JULISTIONO H.. 1993. Inventarisasi jamur edible di Kabupaten Jayawijaya. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Litbang SDH, 14 Juni 1994. Puslitbang Biologi-LIPI, Bogor. :193–198.

SUMARYONO, M. 1996. Distribution spatiale des espèces forestières de Kalimantan Est en relation avec la topographie et la nature des sols. Thèse de Doctorat de l’Université Paris 6. 184 p + annexes.

SUNARTO. 1985. Pengaruh naungan dan pemberian pupuk Kalium terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman ubijalar. Laporan Hasil Penelitian. Fakultas Pasca Sarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 26 p.

SUNARTO. 1987. Wen hipere suatu sistem budidaya ubijalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) di Lembah Baliem Pegunungan Jayawijaya, Irian Jaya. Fakultas Pasca Sarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 125 p.

TEAM IRIAN-PUSLITBANG GEOTEKNOLOGI-LIPI. 1991. Penelitian Untuk Trase Jalan Wosiala-Dombomi dan Pengembangan Wilayah Daerah Lembah Baliem, Wamena, Kabupaten Jayawijaya, Irian Jaya. Pulitbang Geoteknologi-LIPI. 99 p + lampiran.

VISSER, W.A., et HERMES, J.J. 1962. Geological Result of the Exploration for Oil in Netherlands New Guinea. Verh. Kon. Ned. Geol. Mijnbouw. Gen. Geol. Serie. :20.

WALUYO, E.B. 1988. Les écosystèmes domestiqués par l’homme dans l’ancien Royaume Insana Timor (Indonésie). Thèse de Doctorat de l’Université Paris VI. 267 p.

WARNER, J. N. 1967. Sugar cane: an indigenous papua cultigen. Ethnology 1 (4):405-411

WIDJOJO, M.S. 1993. Perang suku dan Pembangunan. Panitia Perdamaian antar Konfederation Suku di Kurima dan Wamena, Wamena.

WIRIADINATA, H. 1991. Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat di Daerah Rote Tengah dan Rote Timur : Pemanfaatan dan masa depan pelestariannya. Prosiding Pelestarian Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat dari Hutan Tropis Indonesia. Fahutan IPB, Bogor.

YEN, D.E. 1974. The sweet potato and Oceania: an essay in ethnobotany. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Bulletin 236.

YEN, D.E. 1982. Sweet potato in historical perspective. In VILLAREAL, R.L. et GRIGGS, T.D. (eds.). Sweet Potato Proceeding. First Int. Symp. AVRDC. Tainan. pp. 17–30

YOGASWARA, H. 1995. Beberapa catatan tentang pengelompokan social orang Dani Lembah Baliem. Sebuah Potret Masyarakat Transisi. Masyarakat Indonesia. LIPI 22 (1): 29–53

YUSUF, R., 1994. Analisis vegetasi hutan sekitar desa Elelim, Kecamatan Kurima, Kabupaten Jayawijaya. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Hayati. Puslitbang Biologi-LIPI, Bogor.: 497–502

ZOUNGRANA, I. 1993a. Les jachères Nord-sou-daniennes du Burkina Faso: I. Diversité, stabilité et évolution des communautés végétales. In FLORET, C. & SERPENTIE, G. (eds.). La jachère en Afrique de l’ouest. Editions ORSTOM. Paris.: 351–358

ZOUNGRANA, I. 1993b. Les jachères Nord-souda-niennes du Burkina Faso : II. Analyse de la reconstitution de la végétation herbacée. In FLORET, C. & SERPENTIE, G. (eds.). La jachère en Afrique de l’ouest. Editions ORSTOM. Paris.: 359–366.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/reinwardtia.2002.46
Copyright (c)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.