Distribusi Jenis Kelelawar (Pteropodidae) Pada Berbagai Tipe Penutupanan Lahan di Sekitar Kawasan Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat (TNKS)

Abstract

ABSTRACT
The Mega Bat (Pteropodidae) Distribution on Several Land Coverage at Surrounding Kerinci
National Park. The study of bats was carried out on May 2005 to July 2005. In all 5 major land
use system (primary forest, disturbed forest, old rubber plantation, young rubber plantation
and mix garden) survey was conducted using the same standardized mistnetting. Each of the
land use system was sampled for 4 days using 4 mist-nets a night. The total of 2512.5 m2 of
mist-nets night area were set during this survey. A total of 156 bat individuals which consist of
14 specieses and 5 families (Pteropodidae, Vespertilonidae, Emballonuridae, Hipposideridae
and Rhinolophidae) acquired. Calculation result using the diversity index measurement from
bat samples indicate that the highest diversity was in disturbed forest habitat (H’=1.831;
E=0,865) and the lowest was in forest habitat (H’=0.5; E=0.561), meanwhile the biggest
dominancy reside in the young rubber plantation (?=0.767) and disturbed forest had the lowest
dominancy (?=0,138). The most dominant at young rubber plantation habitat is Cynopterus
brachyotis. The result of clustering analysis using SPSS 11.5 showed that habitat type were
divided become 2 clusters which were old rubber and non old forest (forest, disturbed forest,
young rubber plantation and mix garden). This division showed that forest and non forest had
a distinctively different habitat. According to Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) by
using Canoco for Windows version 4.5 indicated that physical parameter such as temperature,
humidity, rainfall and altitude influenced the distribution, commnunity and clustering of bats
for land use system
Key words: Bats, diversity, Kerinci Seblat National Park, land use type, rubber plantation