KUALITAS UMBI BEBERAPA KLON KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) DATARAN MEDIUM UNTUK KERIPIK

Ali Asgar
10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i1.515
| Abstract views: 2138 | PDF views: 2282

Abstract

Quality testing of several potato clones (Solanum tuberosum L.) planted at mid level area for potato chips. Objective of the research is to test the quality of clones/cultivars resulted from selection. Quality test of 8 selective clones was conducted from November 2010 to February 2011 in post-harvest laboratory of Research Institute for Vegetables Lembang. Research was arranged in randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Treatments consisted of 1) klon 395195.7, 2) klon 397073.7, 3) Granola (control), 4) Merbabu-17(control), 5) 394614.117, 6) CIP 3970.77.16, 7) CIP 391846.5, and 8) CIP 394613.32. The result of research showed that differences in potato clones (as raw material) have different characteristic on specific gravity, dry matter, reducing sugar content, moisture content, starch content. There were also differences in oil content, color, flavor, crispyness and appearance of chips produced. The best clones for potato chips were Merbabu-17 (specific gravity 1.08 g/ml, dry matter 11.18%, reduction sugar 0.60%, moisture content 88.82%, starch content 4.52% and fat content of chips 38.66%), and CIP394613.32 (specific gravity 0.99, dry ingredient 12.17%, reduced sugar 0.09%, moisture content 87.83%, starch content 3.50%, fat content of chips 28.25%), and Granola (specific gravity 1.02, dry matter 17.70%, reduction sugar 0.12%, moisture content 82.30%, starch content 6.67%, fat content of chips 38.21%).

Keywords

Potato clones, Solanum tuberosum L., mid-level area, laboratory test, quality

Full Text:

PDF

References

Anguilar C, NA Anzaldua-Morales, R Tamalas and G Gast. 1997. Low temperature blanch improves textural quality of french fries. Journal Food Science 62(3), 568-569.

Asgar A danKusdibyo. 1998. Pengaruh varietas dan umur panen terhadap kualitas umbi kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) sebagai bahan baku pembuatan keripik kentang. Dalam: S Budiyanto, F Zakaria, RD Hariyadi dan B Satiwiharja (Penyunting). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Pangan, 251-263. Denpasar-Bali, 16-17 Juli 1997. Perhimpunan Ahli Teknologi Teknologi Pangan Indonesia dan Kantor Menteri Negara Urusan Pangan RI.

Asgar A, ST Rahayu, Kusmana dan E Sofiari. 2011. Uji Kualitas Umbi Beberapa Klon Kentang untuk Keripik. Jurnal Hortikultura 21(1), 51-59.

Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 1996. SNI Keripik Kentang 01-4031-1996. Direktorat Gizi, Departemen Kesehatan, Jakarta.

Biondi G. 1980. Drying and rehydration of potato cubes from some varieties. Frutticultura 40(9), 58-60.

De Buchananne DA and VF Lawson. 1991. Effect of plant population and harvest timing on yield and chipping quality of atlantic and norchip potatoes at 2 locations. American Potato Journal 68(5), 287.

Hartati SN dan TK Prana. 2003. Analisis kadar pati dan serat kasar tepung beberapa kultivar talas {Colocasia esculenta (L.) Scott}. Jurnal Natur Indonesia 6(1), 29-33.

Indofood Frito-Lay Co. 1997. Syarat mutu kentang untuk industry olahan kentang. Laporan Hasil Analisa Kentang Granulla. Tidak dipublikasikan.

Iritani WM and LD Weller. 1977. Changes in sucrose and reducing sugar contents of Kennecbec and Russet Burbank tubers during growth and postharvest holding temperatures. American Potato Journal 54(9), 395-404.

Kolasa KM. 1993. The potato and human nutrition. American Potato Journal 70(5), 375-383.

Lulai EC and PH Orr. 1980. Influence of potato specific gravity on yield and oil contents of chips. American Potato Journal 58(8), 379-390.

Niederhauser JS. 1993. International cooperation and the role of the potato in feeding the world. American Potato Journal 70(5), 385-403.

Pantastico ErB. 1975. Structure of fruits and vegetables. In: ErB Pantastico (Ed.). Postharvest Physiology, Handling and Utilization of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, 15. The Avi Publishing Company Inc Westport. Connecticut.

Putz B and G Tegge. 1981. Effect of agricultural practise on some quality criteria of potato starch. Starch 32(10), 334-340.,

Roe MA and RM Faulks. 1991. Color development in a model system during frying : Role of individual amine acid sugar. Journal food Science 36(6), 1711-1713.

Romani S, P Rocculi, F Mendoza and M Dalla Rosa. 2009. Image characterization of potato chip appearance during frying. Journal of Food Engineering 93(4), 487-494.

Saint Leger M. 1980. Differences in yield, starch content and starch yield per hectare according to the date harvesting. La Pomme de Terre Francaise 389 365-370.

Shelley HJ. 1985. Potato flavor. American Journal of Potato Research 87(2), 209-217.

Shibli RA, MM Ajlouni and A Hussein. 1997. Chemical composition variation of tissues and processing characteristics in the ten potato cultivars grown in Jordan. American Potato Journal 74(1), 23.

Sinaga RM. 1992. Pengaruh jenis kemasan dan minyak goreng terhadap mutu keripik Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.). Buletin Penelitina Hortikultura XXII(1), 26-38.

Soekarto ST. 1985. Penilaian Organoleptik untuk Industri Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian. 45-50; 61-81. Bhatara Karya Aksara, Jakarta.

Sudarmadji S, H Bambang dan Suhardi. 1997. Analisa Bahan Makanan dan Pertanian. 45-50; 61-81. Penerbit Liberty, Yogyakarta.

Van Es A and KJ Hartmans. 1987. Structure and chemical composition of the potato. In: A Rastovski and A Van Es (Ed.). Storage of Potato. 7. Pudoc. Wageningen.

Verma SC, TR Sharma and KC Joshi. 1973. Sugar content of potato tuber. Indian Journal Agriculture Science 43(8), 743-745.

Wibowo. 2006. Peningkatan kualitas keripik kentang varietas Granola dengan metode pengolahan sederhana. Jurnal Akta Agronesia 9(2), 102-109.

Winarno FG. 1984. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. 27. Gramedia, Jakarta.

Zhang Wen-kui. 1986. Effect of fertilization on hight yield of potato Qingshu 2. Science and Technology of Oinghai Agriculture and Forestry, Abstract. En.cnki.com.cn/ Art icle_en/CJFDTOTAL.QHNK20702032.HTM. Diakses 7 Desember 2010.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i1.515

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.