GEJALA KLINIS DAN PATOLOGI ANATOMI PASCA INFEKSI Campylobacter jejuni PADA AYAM BROILER

Andriani Andriani, Mirnawati Sudarwanto, Surachmi Setiyaningsih, Harsi Dewantari Kusumaningrum, Herwin Pisestyani
10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.498
| Abstract views: 3853 | PDF views: 3715

Abstract

Campylobacter spp. is a bacteria foodborne zoonotic agent that can infect humans and animals, especially birds. This bacteria can cause important problems in the public health since the beginning at the farm level, the level of retail and on the table. Poultry meat is the main source of contamination because the digestive tract of poultry is the predilection of Campylobacter jejuni. During this infection C. jejuni in poultry did not show typical clinical symptoms, making detection quite difficult to diagnose this disease at the farm level. Incidence infection of Campylobacter sp. in developed countries had 5-90%. Currently poultry production and consumption are predicted to still increase due to a high demand for low price protein. This research is conducted to determine the clinical and pathologic anatomy due to an infection of C. jejuni on chicken digestive tract. A total of 105-day-old chickens are divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 35 individuals. Group A was the control group (not infected) group B (infected with C. jejuni ATCC 33291), and group C (infected with field isolate of C. jejuni/C1). Infection of the chicken is done 0.5 ml peroral suspension concentration of104cfu/ml. Anova Duncan is used to analyze parameters of body weight, increase weight gain, feed consumption, FCR values. Kurskall Walis method used to analyze the parameters non-parametric form of the score changes in the macroscopic and microscopic intestinal and liver. Infection of C. jejuni changes the pathology anatomy of intestine i.e. hyperemia, enteritis and enteritis catharalis haemorrhagic. A microscopic change of intestinal is oedema,haemorrhage and infiltration of inflammatory cell. Changes of pathology anatomy liver are colour smeary, congesti, pale, fragile and necrotic. Microscopic changes of liver are degeneration and focal hepatic necrosis. Group observation infected by C. jejuni caused chicken cannot reach maximum body weight and can be detrimental to farmers because of increase of the value of the feed conversion ratio (FCR).

Keywords

Campylobacter jejuni, clinical symptom, pathology anatomy, body weight, FCR.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Altekruse, SF., JS. Norman, IF. Patricia, & DL. Swerdlow. 1999. Campylobacter jejuni an emerging foodborne pathogen. Emerging Infectious Diease 5(1), 28-35.

Alexandrino, M., E. Grohmann, & U. Szewzyk. 2004. Optimation of PCR-based for rapid detection of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O:3 in waste samples. Water Research 38, 1340-1346.

Anggoridi, R. 1995. Aneka Nutrisi unggas. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama , Jakarta.

Beery, JT., MB. Hugdahl, & MP. Doyle. 1988. Colonization of gastrointestinal tracts of chicks by Campylobacter jejuni. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 54, 2365-2370.

Blaser, MJ. & J. Engberg. 2008. Clinical Aspects of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Infection. Dalam: Nachamkin I., CM. Szymanski, MJ. Blaser (eds). Campylobacter. ASM Press. Washington DC. 99-121.

Boes, J., L. Nersting, EM. Nielsen, S. Kranker, C. Enoe, HC. Wachmann, & DL. Baggesen. 2005. Prevalence and diversity of Campylobacter jejuni in pig herds on farms with and without cattle or poultry. Journal of Food Protection 68(4), 722-727.

Bolton, FJ. 2007. Campylobacter infections: food-borne sources and isolation methods. Japan Journal of Food Microbiology 24(4), 151-156.

Bouwknegt, M., AW. Van De Giessen, WD. Dam-Deisz, AH. Havelaar, NJ. Nagelkerke, & AM. Henken. 2004. Risk factors for the presence of Campylobacter spp. in Dutch broiler flocks. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 62, 35-49.

Bull, SA., VM. Allen, G. Domingue, F. Jorgensen, JA. Frost, R. Ure, R. Whyte, D. Tinker, JEL. Corry, J. Gillard- King, & TJ. Humphrey. 2006. Sources of Campylobacter spp. colonizing housed broiler flocks during rearing. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, 645-652.

Cawthraw, SA., TM. Wassenaar, R. Ayling, & DG. Newell. 1996. Increased colonization potential of Campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 after passage through chickens and its implication on the rate of transmission within flocks. Epidemiology and Infection. 117, 213-215.

Cox, NA., CL. Hofacre, JS. Bailey, RJ. Buhr, JL. Wilson, KL. Hiett, LJ. Richardson, MT. Musgrove, DE. Cosby, JD. Tankson, YL.Vizzier, PF. Cray, LE. Vaughn, PS. Holt, & DV. Bourassaa. 2005. Presence of Campylobacter jejuni in various organs one hour, one day, and one week following oral or intracloacal inoculations of broiler chicks. Avian Diseases 49, 155-158.

Cox, NA., LJ. Richardson, RJ. Buhr, JS. Bailey, JL. Wilson, & KL. Hiett. 2006. Detection of Campylobacter jejuni in various lymphoid organs of broiler breeder hens after oral or intravaginal inoculation. Poultry Science 85, 1378-1382.

Debruyne, L., D. Gevers, & P. Vandame. 2008. Campylobacter..Dalam: Nachamkin, L., C.M. Szymanski, M.J. Blaser (eds). Taxonomy of the family Campylobacteraceae ASM Press. Washington DC. 3-25

Dhillon, AS. 2006. Campylobacter jejuni infection in broiler chickens. Avian Diseases 50(1), 55-58. Evans, SJ. 1992. Introduction and spread of thermophilic Campylobacter in broiler flocks. The Veterynary Record 131, 574-576.

Evans, SJ. & AR. Sayers. 2000. A longitudinal study of Campylobacter infection of broiler flocks in Great Britain. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 46, 209-223.

Gregory, E., H. Barnhart, DW. Dreesen, NJ. Stern, & JL. Corn. 1997. Epidemiological study of Campylobacter spp. in broilers: source, time of colonization, and prevalence. Avian Diseases 41, 890-898.

Hamid, H., E. Martindah, T. Syafriati, & S. Bahri. 1997. Laporan penyidikan kasus ayam kerdil. Balai Penelitian Veteriner, Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan. Bogor.

Hanninen, ML., P. Perko-Makela, A. Pitkala, & H. Rautelin. 2000. A three-year study of Campylobacter jejuni genotypes in humans with domestically acquired infection and in chicken samples from the Helsinki area. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, 1998-2000.

Hu, I. & Kopecko. 2003. Campylobacter spesies. Dalam: Miliotis, M.D., & J.F. Bier (eds) International Handbook of Foodborne Pathogens. Marcell Dekker. New York.

Jacobs-Reitsma, W. 2000. Campylobacter. Dalam: Nachamkin I. & M.J. Blaser (eds). Campylobacter in the Food Supply. American Society for Microbiology. Washington DC. 467-481.

Jones, TC. & D. Hunt. 1983. Veterinary pathology. 5th. Lea and Febiger. Philadelphia.

Knudsen, KN., DD. Bang, LO. Andresen, & M. Madsen. 2006. Campylobacter jejuni strains of human and chicken origin are invasive in chickens after oral challenge. Avian Diseases 50, 10-14.

Kramer, JM., JA. Frost, FJ. Bolton, & DRA. Wareing. 2000. Campylobacter Contamination of Raw Meat and Poultry at Retail Sale: Identification of Multiple Types and Comparison With Isolates From Human infection. Journal of Food Protection 63(12), 1654-1659.

Lastovica, AJ. & BM. Allos. 2008. Clinical significance of Campylobacter and related species other than Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Dalam: Nachamkin I., C.M. Szymanski, & M.J. Blaser (eds). Campylobacter. ASM Press, Washington DC. 123-149.

Lindqvist, R., Y. Andersson, B. Jong, & P. Norberg. 2000. A Summary of Reported Foodborne Disease Incidents in Sweeden, 1992 to 1997. Journal of Food Protection 63 (10), 1315-1320.

Mattjik, AA. & IM Sumertajaya. 2002. Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi SAS dan Minitab Jilid 2. IPB Pr, Bogor.

Meinersmann, RJ., WE. Rigsby, NJ. Stern, LC. Kelley, JE. Hill, & MP. Doyle. 1991. Comparative study of colonizing and noncolonizing Campylobacter jejuni. American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, 1518-1522.

Nakari, UM., A. Puhakka, & A. Sitonen. 2008. Correct identification and discrimination between Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli by a standardized hippurate test and spesies-specific polymerase chain reaction. Europe Journal Clinical Microbiology Infection Disease DOI 10.1007/s10096-008-0467-9.

Noor, SM., L. Parede, M. Poeloengan, Andriani, T. Syafriati, S. Wahyuwardani, & Y. Sani. 2000. Uji pertumbuhan Campylobacter spp. dari kasus kekerdilan terhadap ayam pedaging Prosiding Seminar Nasional Peternakan dan Veteriner. Pusat Penelitian Peternakan, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian, Bogor: 520-524.

Oyofo, BA., SA. Thornton, DH. Burr, TJ. Trust, OR. Pavlovskis, & P. Guerry. 1992. Specific Detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli by Using Polymerase Chain Reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 10, 2613-2619.

Pearson, AD., MH. Greenwood, J. Donaldson, TD. Healing, DM. Jones, M. Shahamat, RK. Feltham, & RR. Colwell. 2000. Continuous source outbreak of campylobacteriosis traced to chicken. Journal of Food Protection 63, 309-314.

Persson, S. & KEP. Olsen. 2005. Multiplex PCR for identification of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni from pure cultures and directly on stool samples. Journal of Medical Microbiology 54, 1043-1047.

Ring, M., MA. Zychowska, & R. Stephan. 2005. Dynamics of Campylobacter spp. spread investigated in 14 broiler flocks in Switzerland. Avian Diseases 49, 390-396.

Sanyal, SC., KMN. Islam, PKB. Neogy, M. Islam, P. Speelman, & MI. Huq. 1984. Campylobacter jejuni diarrhea model in infant chickens. Infection and Immunity 43(3), 931-936.

Sahin, O. 2003. Ecology of Campylobacter colonization in poultry role of maternal antibodies in protection and sources of flock infection. [Disertation]. Ohio: The Graduate School of The Ohio State University.

Sahin, O, N. Luo, S. Huang, & Q. Zhang. 2003. Effect of Campylobacter-specific maternal antibodies on Campylobacter jejuni colonization in young chickens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, 5372-5379.

Shane, SM., DH. Gifford, & K. Yogasundram. 1986. Campylobacter jejuni contamination of eggs. Veterinary Research Communication 10, 487-492.

Shane, SM. 2000. Campylobacteriosis. Dalam: Disease of Poultry. Ed ke-9. University Pr Iowa State. 236-246.

Shanker, S., A. Lee, & TC. Sorrell. 1988. Experimental colonization of broiler chicks with Campylobacter jejuni. Epidemiology and Infection 100, 27-34.

Skirrow, MB. & MJ. Blaser. 2000. Clinical aspects of Campylobacter infection. Dalam: Nachamkin I. & M.J. Blaser (eds.), Campylobacter. American Society for Microbiology. Washington DC. 69-88.

Stern, NJ., JS. Bailey, LC. Blankenship, NA. Cox, & F. Mc Han. 1988. Colonization characteristics of Campylobacter jejuni in chick ceca. Avian Diseases 32, 330-334.

Stern, NJ. & SU. Kazmi. 1989. Campylobacter jejuni. Dalam: Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens. Marcell Dekker. New York. 71-110.

Stern, NJ., MR. Clavero, JS. Bailey, NA. Cox, & MC. Robach. 1995. Campylobacter spp. in broilers on farm and after transport. Poultry Science 74(6), 937-941.

Syafriati, T., L. Parede, SM. Noor, & SW. Wardhani. 2001. Kasus sindroma kekerdilan pada ayam niaga pedaging di Jawa Barat dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 1999- 2000. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner 2001, Bogor: 737-745.

Trevejo, RT., MC. Barr, & RA. Robinson. 2005. Important emerging bacterial zoonotic infections affecting the immunocompromised. Veterinary Research 36, 493–506.

Vandeplas, S., C. Marcq, RD. Dauphin, YBP. Thonart, & A. Thewis. 2008. Contamination of Poultry flocks by the human pathogen Campylobacter spp. and strategies to reduce its prevalence at the farm level. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environtment 12(3), 317-334.

Vashin, I., T. Stoyanchev, CH. Ring, & V. Atanassova. 2009. Prevalence of Campylobacter spp in frozen poultry giblets at Bulgarian retail markets. Trakia Journal of Science 7(4), 55-57.

Wang, G, G. Clifford, M. Tracy, Taylor, P. Chad, B. Connie, P. Lawrence, L. David, Woodward, & GR. Frank. 2002. Colony multiplex PCR assay for identification and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, and C. fetus subsp. fetus. Journal of Clinical Microbioliology 40(12), 4744-4747.

Winarsih, W. 2005. Pengaruh probiotik dalam pengendalian salmonellosis subklinis pada ayam: gambaran patologis dan performan [Disertasi]. Bogor: Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Woodall, CA., MA. Jones, PA. Barrow, J. Hinds, GL. Marsden, DJ. Kelly, N. Dorrell, BW. Wren, & DJ. Maskell. 2005. Campylobacter jejuni gene expression in the chick cecum: evidence for adaptation to low oxygen environtment. Infection and Immunity 73(8), 5278-5285.

Yogasundram, K., SM. Shane, & KS. Harrington. 1989. Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni in selected domestic and wild birds in Louisiana. Avian Diseases 33, 664-667.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.498

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.